The Association Between Hopelessness and Medication Adherence among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients
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Ririn Wahyu Widayati
Januar Rizqi
Akbar Satria Fitriawan
Maria Josefine Festin Bobo
Listyana Natalia Retnaningsih
Dedi Kurniawan
Zenni Puspitarini
Sono Sono
Abstract
Optimal glycemic control and prevention of complications in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
(T2DM) largely depend on patients’ medication adherence. However, poor adherence
remains a major challenge, and psychological factors such as hopelessness may
contribute to this problem. This study aimed to examine the relationship between
hopelessness and medication adherence among patients with T2DM. A quantitative
cross-sectional study was conducted between July and August 2024 involving 73 T2DM
patients at the Kalasan Public Health Center, Yogyakarta, selected through consecutive
sampling. Hopelessness was assessed using the Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS), while
medication adherence was measured using the 8-item Morisky Medication Adherence
Scale (MMAS-8). Data were analyzed using the Spearman rank correlation test. The
prevalence of hopelessness was 17.8%, and 21.9% of participants demonstrated low
medication adherence. A significant weak negative correlation was found between
hopelessness and medication adherence (ρ = −0.268, p = 0.022), indicating that higher
hopelessness was associated with lower medication adherence. These findings suggest
that addressing hopelessness through psychological assessment and supportive
interventions may improve medication adherence and contribute to better diabetes
management among patients with T2DM.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Ririn Wahyu Widayati, Januar Rizqi, Akbar Satria Fitriawan, Maria Josefine Festin Bobo, Listyana Natalia Retnaningsih, Dedi Kurniawan, Zenni Puspitarini, Sono Sono
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