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Khoirun Nisa Mahmud Tan Hui Wen Zainul Akmar Zakaria

Abstract

Dye pollution in water system is of concern due to its carcinogenicity and its effect on aesthetic feature. One pollutant of interest is methylene blue (MB), which is a cationic dye widely used in industries. In this study, pyrolysis process was used to convert pineapple waste biomass (PWB) into useful adsorbents such as biochar (BC) and activated carbon (AC) to remove MB in water. BC was produced from pyrolysis of PWB (340 °C, 3 hours) whereas AC was prepared from pyrolysis of PWB (500 °C, 1 hour) impregnated with zinc chloride (ZnCl2). Prior to use, AC-PWB and BC-PWB were characterized for surface area, functional groups and surface morphology. Removal of MB was investigated by varying different parameters i.e. initial MB concentration and contact time, adsorbent dosage and temperature. Results obtained showed that AC-PWB has higher adsorption capacity than BC-PWB. The adsorption capacity and adsorption rate increased with increasing initial concentration of MB, adsorbent dosage and temperature until reached equilibrium condition. As a conclusion, PWB can be used as a useful raw material to produce cheap and environmentally friendly adsorbent to remove dye from solution.

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How to Cite
Mahmud, K. N., Wen, T. H., & Zakaria, Z. A. (2021). Activated carbon and biochar from pineapple waste biomass for the removal of methylene blue. Environmental and Toxicology Management, 1(1), 30–36. https://doi.org/10.33086/etm.v1i1.2036
Section
Articles
Pineapple biomass, Biochar, Activated carbon, ZnCl2 activation, Methylene blue

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Khoirun Nisa Mahmud, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia

Tan Hui Wen, Department of Bioprocess Engineering, School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, UTM Johor Bahru, 81310, Johor, Malaysia

Zainul Akmar Zakaria, Department of Bioprocess Engineering, School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, UTM Johor Bahru, 81310, Johor, Malaysia