Management Conflict of Pesantren: Political Policy Practices of Pesantren Organizations in Aceh Indonesia
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.main##
Abstract
Organizational conflicts are intrinsically linked to leadership and political dynamics. This study aims to describe an empirical experience and develop a model of the efficacy of political policy practices in resolving organizational conflicts within pesantren (Islamic boarding schools). The study adopts a qualitative approach, utilizing the diary method based on empirical data gathered from fourteen years (2010-2024) of active and consultative management of a pesantren. The research informants include the most senior leader of the pesantren and several teachers involved in the conflict. Informants were identified using the snowball sampling technique. The findings of this study reveal that the political practices of leadership in managing conflicts within pesantren consist of three strategic steps: the central role of leadership and political acumen, the reinforcement of cultural values within the pesantren through collective commitment, and the effectiveness of the employed conflict resolution strategies. Resolving individual conflicts, particularly those involving teachers and leadership, is essential to prevent the escalation of disputes into open conflicts. Conversely, individual conflicts between teachers and staff often lead to collaboration and compromise. Moreover, institutional conflicts between the pesantren and external parties create a competitive environment in which the pesantren's position must be fortified to ensure legitimacy while minimizing external interference.This research carries significant social implications. If pesantren successfully navigate conflicts, they are likely to benefit the broader community. As religious institutions, pesantren require support, protection, and advocacy.
Downloads
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.details##
Copyright (c) 2024 Muhammad Anggung Manumanoso Prasetyo, Feruz Akbarov , Almira Keumala Ulfah, Fadhlur Rahman
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
References
Abidin, Z. (2020). Educational Management of Pesantren in Digital Era 4.0. Jurnal Pendidikan Agama Islam, 17(2), 203–216. https://doi.org/10.14421/jpai.2020.172-07
Abubakar, A., Aswita, D., Israwati, I., Ferdianto, J., Jailani, J., Anwar, A., Ridhwan, M., Saputra, D. H., & Hayati, H. (2022). The Implementation of Local Values in Aceh Education Curriculum. Jurnal Ilmiah Peuradeun, 10(1), 165. https://doi.org/10.26811/peuradeun.v10i1.660
Alwi, S., Iqbal, M., & Manas, N. H. N. (2023). Preventing Bullying in Integrated Islamic Boarding Schools of Lhokseumawe City: A Strategic Management Approach. Idarah (Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Kependidikan), 7(1), 17–34. https://doi.org/10.47766/idarah.v7i1.138
Bell, J., & Harrison, B. T. (Eds.). (2018). Vision and Values in Managing Education. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781351041508
Briggs, K. L., & Wohlstetter, P. (2003). Key Elements of a Successful School-Based Management Strategy. School Effectiveness and School Improvement, 14(3), 351–372.
Buanaputra, V. G., Astuti, D., & Sugiri, S. (2022). Accountability and Legitimacy Dynamics in an Islamic Boarding School. Journal of Accounting & Organizational Change, 18(4), 553–570. https://doi.org/10.1108/JAOC-02-2021-0016
Budiharso, T., & Suharto, T. (2022). A New Paradigm of Pesantren Management in the Perspective of Social Change in the Globalization Era. Eurasian Journal of Educational Research, 2022(100), 90–103. https://doi.org/10.14689/ejer.2022.100.007
Contu, A. (2019). Conflict and Organization Studies. Organization Studies, 40(10), 1445–1462. https://doi.org/10.1177/0170840617747916
Dewi, S. F., Indrawadi, J., Yulika, F., & Saifullah, S. (2022). Conflict Resolution Education Design in Indonesia. The International Journal of Interdisciplinary Educational Studies, 17(1), 39–57. https://doi.org/10.18848/2327-011X/CGP/v17i01/39-57
Dinas Pendidikan Dayah Provinsi Aceh. (2022). IKU Dinas Pendidikan Dayah. https://dinasdayahaceh.acehprov.go.id/media/2021.05/IKU_DPDA.pdf
Fahlevi, H., Yusuf, M. Y., & Abdullah, S. (2024). Budget Management of the Aceh Government: An Analysis of the Maqaşid al-shari’ah Approach. Samarah, 8(1), 538–555. https://doi.org/10.22373/sjhk.v8i1.19886
Faisal, N., Nurhafni, Murdiana, P., & Zulhilmi. (2018). Policy of Educational Budget Aceh Regency. Emerald Reach Proceedings Series, 1, 423–428. https://doi.org/10.1108/978-1-78756-793-1-00035
Gunawan, M. A., Anwar, K., Prasetyo, M. A. M., & Purwandari, E. (2023). Study of leadership style on employee performance (organizational motivation and commitment). 020002. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0171021
Kanalan, E., & Celep, C. (2011). A Glance to Education in the Middle East under the Shadow of Politic and Ethnic Conflicts in the Region. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 15, 2864–2868. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.04.204
Khoirurrijal, M. F., Karim, A. R., Zaini, A., & Salik, M. (2023). Pesantren and the Human Development Index in Indonesia Post Law Number 18 of 2019. Santri: Journal of Pesantren and Fiqh Sosial, 4(1), 45–66. https://doi.org/10.35878/santri.v4i1.697
Kosim, M. (2015). Pesantren on The Frame of Government Policies. Karsa: Journal of Social and Islamic Culture, 23(2), 221–241. https://doi.org/10.19105/karsa.v23i2.724
Kurnia, I., & Prasetyo, M. A. M. (2024). Pengaruh Kepemimpinan Kharismatik dan Budaya Organisasi terhadap Sistem Pendidikan Pesantren Ulumuddin Kota Lhokseumawe. Al-Fahim : Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan Islam, 6(1), 294–312. https://doi.org/10.54396/alfahim.v6i1.924
Mohiuddin, A. (2018). Book Review: Southeast Asian Muslims in the Era of Globalization. Journal of Current Southeast Asian Affairs, 37(3), 203–206. https://doi.org/10.1177/186810341803700311
Mujiburrahman, M., Zulfikar, T., Ahmad, S., Melayu, H. A., & Jasafat, J. (2024). The State Intervention in the Islamic Education in Aceh: Threats or Opportunities? Jurnal Ilmiah Peuradeun, 12(2), 539. https://doi.org/10.26811/peuradeun.v12i2.1349
Mukhtar, M., Risnita, R., Prasetyo, M. A. M., & ... (2020). The Influence of Transformational Leadership, Interpersonal Communication, and Organizational Conflict on Organizational Effectiveness. International Journal of Educational Review, 2(1), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.33369/ijer.v2i1.10371
Murdayanti, Y., & Puruwita, D. (2017). Transparency and Accountability of Financial Management in Pesantren (Islamic Education Institution). Advanced Science Letters, 23(11), 10721–10725. https://doi.org/10.1166/asl.2017.10138
Mustofa, I. (2020). Formulasi Pendidikan Pesantren Dalam UU. Nomor 18 Tahun 2019 Tentang Pesantren (Tinjauan Kebijakan Pendidikan). Intizam, Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan Islam, 4(1), 20–35.
Nurkhin, A., Rohman, A., & Prabowo, T. J. W. (2024). Accountability of Pondok Pesantren: a Systematic Literature Review. Cogent Business & Management, 11(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2024.2332503
Pammer, W. J., & Killian, J. (Eds.). (2019). Handbook of Conflict Management. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781482276305
Permana, Y. S. (2021). Subnational Sectarianisation: Clientelism, Religious Authority, and Intra-Religious Rivalry in Aceh. Religion, State and Society, 49(2), 142–156. https://doi.org/10.1080/09637494.2021.1881392
Podder, S. (2015). Armed Political Organizations: from Conflict to Integration, by Benedetta Berti. Taylor & Francis.
Prasetyo, M. A. M., & Salabi, A. S. (2023). School Effectiveness: Institutional Benchmarking for Vocational High School Management. Jurnal Penelitian Dan Pengembangan Pendidikan, 7(3), 474–483. https://doi.org/10.23887/jppp.v7i3.57587
Rahim, A. (2013). Toward A Theory of Managing Organizational Conflict. The International Journal of Conflict Management, 13(3), 206–235.
Ruiz-Hernández, J. A., Ruiz-Fernández, C. M., Pina López, D., Llor-Zaragoza, L., Pagán-Escribano, M., Jiménez-Barbero, J. A., & Puente-López, E. (2021). Evaluation of School Climate Behaviors in the School Context: CONVIVE Questionnaire. Youth & Society, 0044118X2199785. https://doi.org/10.1177/0044118X21997852
Simola, H., Kauko, J., Varjo, J., Kalalahti, M., & Sahlstrom, F. (2017). Dynamics in Education Politics. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203068793
Sulaiman, S., Yusnaini, S. Y., Syabuddin, S., Jabaliah, J., & Masrizal, M. (2020). Implementation of Qanun Islamic education as Local Wisdom Based on Aliyah´s Curriculum. Utopía y Praxis Latinoamericana: Revista Internacional de Filosofía Iberoamericana y Teoría Social, 2, 40–49.
Suswanta, S. (2018). Reconsidering the Stigma of Political Opportunism Among the Kiai: A Critique of the Modernist Perspective. PCD Journal, 6(1), 147. https://doi.org/10.22146/pcd.36149
Thoyib, M. (2018). Charismatic Leader on Developing Visionary Pesantren Bidayatul Hidayah in East Java: Profile and Strategy of Dr. KH. Ahmad Musthofa Kamal’s Leadership. Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 7(1), 79–99. https://doi.org/10.14421/jpi.2018.71.79-99
Wahyudin, D. (2018). Peace Education Curriculum In The Context Of Education Sustainable Development (ESD). Journal of Sustainable Development Education and Research, 2(1), 21. https://doi.org/10.17509/jsder.v2i1.12354
Wibowo, D. (2022). The role of school culture in teacher professional development for peace education: the case of Sukma Bangsa School Pidie in post-conflict Aceh, Indonesia. Journal of Peace Education, 19(2), 182–204. https://doi.org/10.1080/17400201.2021.2015573
Zarkasyi, H. F., Zarkasyi, A. F., Prayogo, T. I., & Nur Rifa Da’i, R. A. (2020). Ibn Rushd’s Intellectual Strategies on Islamic Theology. Jurnal Ilmiah Islam Futura, 20(1), 19. https://doi.org/10.22373/jiif.v20i1.5786