Detection of DNA Changes in the Parp-1 Gene in the Small Intestine Tissue of Male White Rats Exposed to Pesticides Using PCR

Abstract

Excessive exposure to pesticides can damage DNA. This paper analyzes the effects of

pesticide exposure on the small intestine tissue (ileum) of white rats (Rattus

Norvegicus), focusing on DNA mutation, particularly in the Parp-1 gene. This paper

was an experimental study with a posttest-only design. It involved 18 male white rats

(Rattus Norvegicus), divided into 5 groups: dose 1 (1.1 ml) and dose 2 (2.2 ml) groups

for 7 days of oral pesticide administration, dose 1 (1.1 ml) and dose 2 (2.2 ml) groups

for 14 days of oral pesticide administration, and a control group. Blood samples were

collected to measure acetylcholinesterase enzyme levels, and ileal tissue was collected

for analysis of PARP-1 gene expression. DNA was isolated from the ileum of the small

intestine, and amplification was performed using forward (5'-

TGGCCAAAAAGAAATCTAAG-3') and reverse (5'-ATCCCCAGTACAGTAA

TAAG-3') primers. Results found that the lowest average acetylcholinesterase levels

were observed in the high-dose group (2.2 ml) with a treatment period of 14 days,

namely 18%. In contrast, the highest average acetylcholinesterase levels were observed

in the low-dose group (1.1 ml) with a 7-day treatment period, namely 49%.

Furthermore, the PARP-1 gene was detected by band thickness (band) in samples

ranging from 260 to 347, using the PCR method with PARP-1 gene primers. Thus,

pesticide exposure changes PARP-1 gene expression in the small intestinal tissue of

white rats (Rattus Norvegicus). It indicates that pesticides can cause DNA mutation,

leading to damage in the rat's small intestinal tissue.