Comparison Between Hypnoanesthesia and Local Anesthesia in Minor Surgery
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33086/mhsj.v8i01.5882Keywords:
hipnoanestesi, anestesi lokal, bedah minor, asam glutamant, substansi P, beta endorfin, enfekalin, serotoninAbstract
Background: Hypnoanesthesia is a state of anesthesia achieved through hypnosis techniques. Meanwhile, local anesthesia is anesthesia carried out by injecting local anesthetic drugs in or around the surgical site which causes temporary obstruction to the conduction of afferent impulses.
Objective: This research was conducted to prove that there is no difference between hypnoanesthesia and local anesthesia in minor surgical procedures, with the indication of pain relief.
Methods: The research subjects were patients with benign soft tissue tumors consisting of 40 people who were divided into 2 groups, namely treatment and control. Minor surgical procedures with hypnoanesthesia were performed in the treatment group, while in the control group, minor surgical procedures were performed with local anesthesia using 2% lidocaine. Pain is measured with FPS (Face Pain Scale) and monitored with a vital sign monitor. The intervention process was recorded with camcorder video. Changes in serum levels of excitatory neurotransmitters (Glutamic Acid and Substance P) and inhibitory (Beta Endorphin, Enkephalin, and Serotonin) before and after intervention were analyzed using ELISA (Enzym-Link Immunosorbent Assay) in both groups.
Results: In the treatment group, it was discovered that patients did not feel pain after undergoing hypnoanesthesia intervention by providing suggestions for the relief of pain in the area where surgery would be performed. In the control group, patients also did not feel pain after local anesthetic intervention in the area to be operated on. However, the results of research and statistical tests showed that there was no significant difference in changes in Beta Endorphins, Enkephalin, and Serotonin as inhibitory neurotransmitters (p > 0.05) or Glutamic Acid and Substance P as excitatory neurotransmitters (p > 0.05) before and after the intervention in both groups of research subjects.
Conclusion: the results of this study show that there is no significant difference between the treatment and control groups, they have equality in the final result, namely the relief of pain.
Downloads
References
Stewart, JH., 2005. Hypnosis in Contemporary Medicine. Mayo Clinic Proc. Vol. 80(4): 511-524. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4065/80.4.511
Dillworth, T., Mendoza, ME., Jensen, MP., 2012. Neurophysiology of Pain and Hypnosis for Chronic Pain. Seattle: Departement of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington. pp. 65-72. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13142-011-0084-5
Kroger, WS., Delee, ST., 1957. Use of Hypnoanesthesis for Cesarean Sectio and Hysterectomy. JAMA. Vol. 163 (6), 442-444. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.1957.82970410001009
Lee, JS., Pyun, YD., 2012. Use of Hypnosis in the Treatment of Pain. The Korean Journal of Pain. Vol. 25(2): 75-80. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3344/kjp.2012.25.2.75
Iserson, KV., 2014. An Hypnotic Suggestion: Review Of Hypnosis For Clinical Emergensy Care. The Journal of Emergensy Medicine. Elsevier Inc, 46(4): 588-596. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jemermed.2013.09.024
Bierman, SF., Sivieri, IS., 2015. Hypnoanesthesia in Vascular Access. Journal Association For Vascular Access. Vol. 20(2): 77-79 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.java.2015.02.003
Jensen, MP., Adachi, T., Pires, CT., Lee, J., Osman, ZJ., Miro, J., 2015. Mechanism Of Hypnosis. NIH Public Access. International Journal Clinical Exp Hypnosis. Vol. 63(1): 34-75 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00207144.2014.961875
Astawa P. Hemodynamic changes in patients undergoing cemented total hip replacement surgery: a literature review. Bali Med J. [Internet]. 2020 Aug. 1 [cited 2022 Dec. 10];9(2):520-3. Available from: https://balimedicaljournal.org/index.php/bmj/article/view/1691 DOI: https://doi.org/10.15562/bmj.v9i2.1691
Shaw, SI., 1958. Clinical Applications of Hypnosis in Dentistry. Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders Company. pp. 1-4.
Defechereux, T., Meurisse, M., Hamoir, E., Gollogly, L., Joris, J., dan Faymonville, ML., 1999. Hypnoanesthesia for Endocrine Cervical Surgery: A Statement of Practice. The Journal of Alternative And Complementar Medicine, Mary Ann Liebert Inc, Vol. 5(6): 509-520. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1089/acm.1999.5.509
Lorenz, J., Minoshima, S., Casey, KL., 2003. Keeping Pain Out of Mind: The Role of The Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex In Pain Modulation. Brain. Vol. 126(5): 1079–1091. Diakses dari doi: 10.1093/brain/awg102. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/awg102
Kappas, JG., 2001. Professional Hypnotism Manual. 4th Edition. USA : Panorama Publishing Company. pp. 10-13, 45-53.
Dahl, MG., 2016. Basic Hypnosis (e-format). Diakses dari www.hypnosisaliance.com. pp. 62, 68-69, 71-74.
Watanabe M. The Preftontal Cortex as an Executive, Emotional, and Social Brain. Springer Nature, Tokyo, Japan. 2017 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-56508-6
Soenarto, RF., Chandra, S., 2012. Buku Ajar Anestesiologi. Jakarta: Departemen Anestesiologi dan Intensive Care Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia/RS Cipto Mangunkusumo: 10,177.
Surjantoro A, Zarasade L, Hariani L. Comparison of the effectiveness between single and repeated administration of topical Tretinoin 0.05% on full-thickness acute wound healing. Bali Med J. [Internet]. 2022; 11(2): 779-83. DOI: https://doi.org/10.15562/bmj.v11i2.3494
Patterson, DR., 2010. Clinical Hypnosis For Pain Control. American Psychological Association. Di akses dari https://doi.org/10.1037/12128-000 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/12128-000
Al’Absi, M., Falten, M.A., 2016. The Neuroscience of Pain, Stress, and Emotion: Psychological and Clinical Implications. London: Elsevier Inc.
Elkins, G.R., 2017. Handbook of Medical and Psychological Hypnosis: Foundations, Applications, and Professional Issues. New York : Springer Publishing Company. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1891/9780826124876
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Ihyan Amri, Charles Siahaan, Erik Jaya Gunawan, Imelda Ritunga, Andianto Indrawan Tjiptohardjo
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
