Incidence of Pneumonia among Stroke Patient in Zainoel Abidin Hospital Banda Aceh – A Descriptive Study
Main Article Content
Abstract
Background: Stroke is an acute and focal neurological deficit syndrome resulting from vascular injury (infarction, bleeding) in the central nervous system. Apart from that, stroke causes the second number of deaths in the world with the highest morbidity and the incidence increases in young and middle age (<55 y.o). In 2018, the prevalence of stroke in Aceh was 13.389 people. On the other hand, pneumonia is the most common non-neurological complication in the acute phase of stroke. In severe brain injury, it causes sympathetic overactivity which causes Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS). The aim of the research is to provide a descriptive overview of the incidence of pneumonia in stroke patient including gender, onset, stroke classification, complications/comorbidities, use of antibiotics and length of treatment. Method: Quantitative research type with a descriptive design with a cross-sectional study and purposive sampling approach. The population is medical records of stroke patients who experienced pneumonia during the treatment period for the period January-December 2023 and samples were taken in the Medical Records Room at RSUD dr. Zainoel Abidin Banda Aceh. Results: This study showed that the dominant age of SAP was over 55 years and 60 cases of ischemic stroke (77.9%) and 17 cases (22.1%) of hemorrhagic stroke was male patient. The highest stroke onset is 1-7 days. The main comorbid factors were hypertension and diabetes mellitus. The use of antibiotics was 3rd generation cephalosporins. Conclusion: the incidence of pneumonia in stroke sufferers was influenced by age, gender and comorbid factors.
Downloads
Article Details
Copyright (c) 2024 Rosa Emelda Sofia, Nasrul Musadir, Dini Raaikhani Danial
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
References
Abdu, H., Tadese, F., & Seyoum, G. (2021). Comparison of Ischemic and Hemorrhagic Stroke in the Medical Ward of Dessie Referral Hospital, Northeast Ethiopia: A Retrospective Study. Neurology Research International, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/9996958
Artanti, K. D., Martini, S., Widati, S., & Alminudin, M. (2020). Risk Factor based on the Type of Stroke at RSUD Dr. Soetomo, Surabaya, Indonesia. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 6(11), 951–952., Vol, 1379–1384. https://doi.org/10.37506/vl14/il/2020/iifmt/193104
Azzahra, A. D., Amalia, L., Calista, C., Dian, S., Aminah, S., & Ong, P. A. (2021). Comparison of Cognitive Function of Ischemic Stroke Patients with and without Pneumonia. Althea Medical Journal, 8(3), 164–169. https://doi.org/10.15850/amj.v8n3.2356
Barahmana, D. V, Tangkudung, G., & H. N. Kembuan, M. A. (2019). Faktor-faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Keterlambatan Kedatangan Pasien. Journal E-Clinic (ECl), Volume 7, 1–6. https://ejournal.unsrat.ac.id/v2/index.php/eclinic/article/view/22177/21876
de Jonge, J. C., van de Beek, D., Lyden, P., Brady, M. C., Bath, P. M., & Bart van der Worp, H. (2022). Temporal Profile of Pneumonia after Stroke. Stroke, 53(1), 53–60. https://doi.org/10.1161/STROKEAHA.120.032787
Emmett, E. S., Douiri, A., Marshall, I. J., Wolfe, C. D. A., Rudd, A. G., & Bhalla, A. (2019). A comparison of trends in stroke care and outcomes between in-hospital and community-onset stroke – The South London Stroke Register. PLoS ONE, 14(2), 2009–2015. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0212396
Fatni Muhafidzah, N., Mansur, S., Hermiyanti Pranggono, E., Wibisono, Y., Juli, C., Gamayani, U., Gunadharma, S., & Cahyani, A. (2021). Faktor Faktor Risiko terjadinya Pneumonia pada Stroke Akut di RSUP Dr Hasan Sadikin Bandung. Jurnal Neuroanestesi Indonesia, 10(3), 151–161. https://doi.org/10.24244/jni.v10i3.269
Feigin, V. L., Owolabi, M. O., & World Stroke Organization–Lancet Neurology Commission Stroke Collaboration Group. (2023). Pragmatic solutions to reduce the global burden of stroke: a World Stroke Organization-Lancet Neurology Commission. The Lancet. Neurology, 22(December). https://doi.org/10.1016/S1474-4422(23)00277-6
Fluck, D., Fry, C. H., Rankin, S., Gulli, G., Affley, B., Robin, J., Kakar, P., Sharma, P., & Han, T. S. (2022). Comparison of characteristics, management and outcomes in hospital-onset and community-onset stroke: a multi-centre registry-based cohort study of acute stroke. Neurological Sciences, 43(8), 4853–4862. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-022-06015-w
Grossmann, I., Rodriguez, K., Soni, M., Joshi, P. K., Patel, S. C., Shreya, D., Zamora, D. I., Patel, G. S., & Sange, I. (2021). Stroke and Pneumonia: Mechanisms, Risk Factors, Management, and Prevention. Cureus, 13(11). https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.19912
Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. (2020). Profil Kesehatan Indonesia. In IT - Information Technology (Vol. 48, Issue 1). https://doi.org/10.1524/itit.2006.48.1.6
Kishore, A. K., Jeans, A. R., Garau, J., Bustamante, A., Kalra, L., Langhorne, P., Chamorro, A., Urra, X., Katan, M., Napoli, M. Di, Westendorp, W., Nederkoorn, P. J., van de Beek, D., Roffe, C., Woodhead, M., Montaner, J., Meisel, A., & Smith, C. J. (2019). Antibiotic treatment for pneumonia complicating stroke: Recommendations from the pneumonia in stroke consensus (PISCES) group. European Stroke Journal, 4(4), 318–328. https://doi.org/10.1177/2396987319851335
Lembaga Penerbit Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan. (2019). LAPORAN PROVINSI ACEH RISKESDAS 2018. Lembaga Penerbit Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan (LPB). www.litbang.kemkes.go.id
Rinaldi, R. (2023, September 14). Direktur RSUD dr. Zainoel Abidin Resmikan Stroke Unit sebagai Layanan Unggulan. RSUD Dr. Zainoel Abidin. https://rsudza.acehprov.go.id/konten/115/direktur-rsud-dr-zainoel-abidin-resmikan-stroke-unit-sebagai-layanan-unggulan#:~:text=Jumlah kunjungan kasus stroke di,upaya menyediakan perawatan berkualitas untuk
Søyland, M. H., Tveiten, A., Eltoft, A., Øygarden, H., Varmdal, T., Indredavik, B., & Mathiesen, E. B. (2022). Wake-up stroke and unknown-onset stroke; occurrence and characteristics from the nationwide Norwegian Stroke Register. European Stroke Journal, 7(2), 143–150. https://doi.org/10.1177/23969873221089800
Tinker, R. J., Smith, C. J., Heal, C., Bettencourt-Silva, J. H., Metcalf, A. K., Potter, J. F., & Myint, P. K. (2021). Predictors of mortality and disability in stroke-associated pneumonia. Acta Neurologica Belgica, 121(2), 379–385. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13760-019-01148-w
Wandira, et al. (2018). Dengan Kejadian Stroke-Associated Pneumonia. Neurona, 35(2), 3–7.
World Health Organization. (2022, October 29). World stroke day 2022. WHO. https://www.who.int/srilanka/news/detail/29-10-2022-world-stroke-day-2022#:~:text=Stroke is the leading cause,a stroke in their lifetime.
