The Effectiveness of the Implementation of Kangaroo Treatment Method in Increasing the Weight Gain of Newborns With LBW

Background: Low body weight (LBW) cases have continuously occurred. However, some newborns with LBW could not afford good and hightechnological health services due to several barriers such as cost, geography, transportation, and communication barriers. Incubator replacement through kangaroo treatment method is considered to be an effective and economical alternative in which the weight gain in newborns with LBW could be enhanced. Kangaroo care method can be used in treating newborns with low birth weight. The purpose of this study was to identify the effectiveness of the implementation of the kangaroo care method in increasing the weight gain of newborn with LBW at the General Hospital of Majene. Methods: The research design used in this study was a pre-experiment with One Group Pretest Posttest Design. The sampling method used in this research was total sampling where 38 samples were selected. This research was conducted at the Regional Hospital of Majene in the Perinatology room. Results: The results of this research indicated that there were significant differences in newborns before and after the implementation of the Kangaroo care method. It was evident that the newborns weight significantly increase with the Kangaroo care method. Therefore, further research should be carried out to investigate the factors which influence the increase of newborns weight. Conclusion: In this study we found that there were significant differences in LBW babies before and after being treated with the kangaroo method (PMK). Medical and Health Science Journal


Introduction
Low birth weight (LBW) is a birth weight of fewer than 2500 grams regardless of gestational age. Birth weight is the weight of an infant weighed within 1 hour after birth. LBW can occur in preterm infants (<37 weeks) or in full-term infants (intrauterine growth restriction / IUGR). 1 LBW has a 20 times greater risk of dying during infancy when compared to babies with normal birth weight.
The infant mortality rate increases with the increase of LBW incidence in a country. 2 Before finding FMD, incubators were one of the ways to deal with babies LBW or premature, but the use of incubators was considered to inhibit early mother-baby contact and breastfeeding.
Given the limited incubator facilities in health services, PMK can be used in treating LBW. This method was first performed in 1979 in Colombia by Martinez, who treated babies weighing less than 1500 grams and the results were satisfactory. 3 FMD is useful in significantly reducing the number of neonates or newborns who died, avoiding low birth weight babies from being cold (hypothermia), stabilizing babies, reducing the occurrence of infections, increasing infant growth and development, increasing breastfeeding and bonding between mother and baby. 4 In an attempt to introduce FMD as an appropriate technology to reduce neonatal mortality, this research is one tangible step. 5 The limited incubator in the room causes two babies in one incubator, that's why the baby has a risk of infection. Based on these reasons, many patients ask to go home prematurely due to cost reasons. So PMK is the right choice to overcome LBW. This research was also conducted the first time in Majene Regency.

Methods
The Research design used preexperimental, one group pre-test and post-test Design was conducted on a set of objects that did not require a comparison group 6 , the sample of this study was observed before being given treatment, after conduct treatment the sample was reobserved. 7 The research was conducted in the perinatology room of the Majene Regional Hospital, West Sulawesi Province. The study was conducted for 1 month, starting from December 2020 to January 2021.    considered only for the poor because the rich were put in an incubator, but based on experience, the result is the kangaroo method is even more effective.

Univariat Analysis
The kangaroo method itself can increase the ability of babies to suck, with good sucking ability in babies with low birth weight (LBW), 14 it will stimulate the formation of the hormone oxytocin and increase the hormone prolactin which will help milk production, so that the mother can produce breast milk that is sufficient for the needs of the baby, the baby freely gets breast milk in a timely manner and whenever the baby needs it. 15

Conclusion
BBLR is an accident from Allah SWT to His creations. Islam emphasizes the importance of effort and prayers. In the Qur'an, it says that humans will not get anything other than what they work for, and the results of their efforts will be shown (to them), then they will be rewarded with an appropriate result according to Surah Ar Rad verse 11. One of the efforts that can be done is by Kangaroo Method Care (PMK).
From this study, it was found that the characteristics of the sample of babies were more male, with a full-term gestation age who passed treatment for more than 14 days because they were generally accompanied by comorbidities other than LBW. In this study, it was found that there were more mothers with low birth weight patients of productive age with secondary education and who work as housewives. From the research, it was found that there were significant differences in LBW babies before and after being treated with the kangaroo method (PMK).